L-threonine Raw Material Manufacturer,Industrial Preparation method

The industrial preparation methods of L-threonine raw materials mainly include the fermentation method, enzymatic method, chemical synthesis method, and protein hydrolysis method. The following is a comparison of these methods:

I. Fermentation Method

1. Principle: Utilize the metabolic pathways of microorganisms (such as Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, etc.). By controlling the fermentation conditions, microorganisms can synthesize and accumulate L-threonine during the growth process.

2. Advantages

Wide range of raw materials: Inexpensive renewable resources such as corn steep liquor, glucose, and soybean cake powder can be used as the raw materials for the culture medium, and the cost is relatively low.

High product purity: Microbial fermentation has high selectivity and specificity, and can directly produce L-threonine with high purity and high optical purity, without the need for a complex resolution process.

Environmentally friendly: The fermentation process is relatively mild, and the generated waste can be harmlessly treated through biological treatment and other methods, causing less pollution to the environment.

3. Disadvantages

Long production cycle: Generally, the fermentation cycle takes several days or even longer, and the production efficiency is relatively low.

High requirements for fermentation control: The microbial fermentation process is affected by various factors, such as temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, etc. Precise control of the fermentation conditions is required; otherwise, it may affect the yield and quality.

Applicable scenarios: Large-scale industrial production of L-threonine, especially suitable for fields such as feed and food that are sensitive to cost.

II. Enzymatic Method

1. Principle: Use the catalytic action of enzymes to convert specific substrates into L-threonine. For example, using aspartic acid as a substrate, under the action of enzymes such as aspartokinase and homoserine dehydrogenase, it can be obtained through a series of reactions.

2. Advantages

Mild reaction conditions: The reaction is usually carried out under relatively mild conditions such as temperature and pH value, and the requirements for equipment are relatively low.

High selectivity: Enzymes have high specificity and selectivity, can efficiently catalyze the target reaction, have few side reactions, and the product purity is high.

High production efficiency: Enzyme-catalyzed reactions are fast and can achieve a high conversion rate in a relatively short time.

3. Disadvantages

High cost of enzymes: The production and separation and purification processes of enzymes are complex, and the cost is relatively high, which limits large-scale application.

Stability problems: Enzymes have relatively poor stability and are easily inactivated by factors such as temperature, pH value, and heavy metal ions.

Applicable scenarios: Suitable for fields such as pharmaceuticals with extremely high requirements for product purity, relatively small production scale, and high added value.

III. Chemical Synthesis Method

1. Principle: Use chemical raw materials (such as acetaldehyde, hydrocyanic acid, ammonia, etc.) as starting materials, and synthesize L-threonine through a series of chemical reactions. Common methods include the Strecker method, the hydantoin method, etc.

2. Advantages

Large production scale: Large-scale production can be carried out through chemical engineering methods, and the production capacity is strong.

Short production cycle: Compared with the fermentation method, the production cycle of the chemical synthesis method is shorter, and the product can be obtained quickly.

3. Disadvantages

Complex products: Chemical synthesis reactions usually produce a variety of isomers and by-products, and complex separation and purification processes are required to obtain L-threonine with high purity, increasing the cost and process difficulty.

High environmental pressure: Most of the chemical raw materials and reagents used are toxic and corrosive, which pose a certain hazard to the environment and human health, and the cost of treating the three wastes (waste gas, waste water, and waste residue) generated is high.

Applicable scenarios: It has certain applications in some industrial fields that are sensitive to cost and do not have particularly high requirements for optical purity, but with the improvement of environmental protection requirements, its application is somewhat limited.

IV. Protein Hydrolysis Method

1. Principle: Use natural substances rich in proteins (such as casein, silk protein, etc.) as raw materials, and decompose the proteins into a mixture of amino acids through acid, alkali, or enzymatic hydrolysis methods, and then separate and extract L-threonine from it.

2. Advantages

Natural raw materials: Natural protein resources are used, with a wide range of sources and relatively safe.

Simple process: The hydrolysis process is relatively simple, and no complex biological fermentation or chemical synthesis equipment is required.

3. Disadvantages

Low yield: The content of L-threonine in proteins is limited, and the concentration obtained after hydrolysis is relatively low, resulting in a low yield.

Difficult separation: The hydrolysis product is a mixture of various amino acids, and it is difficult to separate and purify L-threonine, and the cost is relatively high.

Applicable scenarios: Suitable for small-scale production or laboratory research, and has less application in large-scale industrial production.